Expectativas relacionadas con el alcohol en adultos y adolescentes: Semejanzas y diferencias Alcohol-related expectancies in adults and adolescents: Similarities and disparities

Autores/as

  • Rebecca L. Monk Edge Hill University
  • Derek Heim Edge Hill University

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.20882/adicciones.788

Palabras clave:

Alcohol, Expectativas sobre los efectos, Edad, Experiencia vital. Alcohol, Outcome Expectancies, Age, Life Experience.

Resumen

El propósito de este estudio es contrastar las expectativas sobre los efectos del alcohol entre estudiantes y no-estudiantes, y explorar las diversas cogniciones relacionadas con el alcohol en una muestra estudiantil más amplia. Los participantes (n = 549) son estudiantes de bachillerato (estudios superiores, habitualmente cursados entre los 15-18 años), estudiantes universitarios (estudios habitualmente cursados entre los 18-22 años) y empleados profesionales (oficinistas menores de 50 años) que completaron los cuestionarios un su lugar de trabajo o estudio. En general, los estudiantes de bachillerato tuvieron expectativas positivas más altas que los estudiantes universitarios u oficinistas. No obstante, no todas las subcategorías de expectativas cumplieron este patrón. Respecto de sus cogniciones relacionadas con el alcohol, los grupos de participantes de edades similares mostraron similitudes en algunos aspectos y diferencias en otros. Igualmente, los grupos de participantes de edades dispares tenían algunas cogniciones similares relacionadas con el alcohol, por ejemplo, en las expectativas sobre la reducción de estrés. Con frecuencia, las investigaciones homogeneizan a los estudiantes como un subgrupo específico de esta población; este estudio subraya que esto puede ser demasiada simplificación. Además, el enfoque casi exclusivo sobre grupos estudiantiles en este campo de investigación también puede ser una equivocación, dada la diversidad en los resultados hallados entre estos grupos.
This study aimed to contrast student and not student outcome expectancies, and explore the diversity of alcohol-related cognitions within a wider student sample. Participants (n=549) were college students (higher education-typically aged 15-18 years), university students (further education-typically aged 18-22 years) and business people (white collar professionals <50 years) who completed questionnaires in their place of work or education. Overall positive expectancies were higher in the college students than in the business or university samples. However, not all expectancy subcategories followed this pattern. Participant groups of similar age were therefore alike in some aspects of their alcohol-related cognitions but different in others. Similarly, participant groups whom are divergent in age appeared to be alike in some of their alcohol-related cognitions, such as tension reduction expectancies. Research often homogenises students as a specific sub-set of the population, this paper hi-lights that this may be an over-simplification. Furthermore, the largely exclusive focus on student groups within research in this area may also be an oversight, given the diversity of the findings demonstrated between these groups.

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Publicado

2016-03-02

Número

Vol. 28 Núm. 1 (2016)

Sección

Originales