Expectativas relacionadas con el alcohol en adultos y adolescentes: Semejanzas y diferencias

Rebecca L. Monk, Derek Heim

Resumen


El propósito de este estudio es contrastar las expectativas sobre los efectos del alcohol entre estudiantes y no-estudiantes, y explorar las diversas cogniciones relacionadas con el alcohol en una muestra estudiantil más amplia. Los participantes (n = 549) son estudiantes de bachillerato (estudios superiores, habitualmente cursados entre los 15-18 años), estudiantes universitarios (estudios habitualmente cursados entre los 18-22 años) y empleados profesionales (oficinistas menores de 50 años) que completaron los cuestionarios un su lugar de trabajo o estudio. En general, los estudiantes de bachillerato tuvieron expectativas positivas más altas que los estudiantes universitarios u oficinistas. No obstante, no todas las subcategorías de expectativas cumplieron este patrón. Respecto de sus cogniciones relacionadas con el alcohol, los grupos de participantes de edades similares mostraron similitudes en algunos aspectos y diferencias en otros. Igualmente, los grupos de participantes de edades dispares tenían algunas cogniciones similares relacionadas con el alcohol, por ejemplo, en las expectativas sobre la reducción de estrés. Con frecuencia, las investigaciones homogeneizan a los estudiantes como un subgrupo específico de esta población; este estudio subraya que esto puede ser demasiada simplificación. Además, el enfoque casi exclusivo sobre grupos estudiantiles en este campo de investigación también puede ser una equivocación, dada la diversidad en los resultados hallados entre estos grupos.


Palabras clave


Alcohol; Expectativas sobre los efectos; Edad; Experiencia vital.

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.20882/adicciones.788

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