Razones por las que los consumidores duales de cigarrillo electrónico y tabaco convencional inician o mantienen el consumo dual. Una revisión sistemática
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.20882/adicciones.1995Palabras clave:
cigarrillos electrónicos, tabaco, consumidor dual, conflictos de interés, financiaciónResumen
Algunos fumadores utilizan los cigarrillos electrónicos (e-cigs) como ayuda para dejar de fumar o como una estrategia de reducción de daños. Sin embargo, pueden acabar consumiendo e-cigs y cigarrillos convencionales, convirtiéndose en consumidores duales. El objetivo principal de este estudio fue evaluar los motivos por los que los consumidores duales utilizan e-cigs. Además, como objetivo secundario, se analizaron los conflictos de intereses y la financiación de los estudios incluidos.Métodos. Se realizó una búsqueda en las bases de datos de PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science y PsychInfo hasta noviembre de 2023. Se seleccionaron estudios transversales que incluyeran consumidores duales de tabaco convencional y e-cigs y analizaran los motivos de uso de e-cigs. Se aplicó la Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale para valorar la calidad de los estudios incluidos.Resultados. Se incluyeron 14 estudios. Uno valoró las razones de inicio, 12 las de mantenimiento del consumo de e-cigs, y uno valoró ambas separadamente. La reducción del número de cigarrillos fumados y la percepción de que los e-cigs son menos dañinos fueron las razones principales de inicio y mantenimiento de su consumo. Entre los 10 estudios que presentaron una declaración de conflictos de interés, tres tenían conflictos con la industria farmacéutica. En 12 estudios se incluyó información sobre la financiación, de los cuales nueve recibieron financiación pública y uno de la industria farmacéutica.Conclusiones. Identificar los motivos de uso de e-cigs entre los consumidores duales de e-cigs y tabaco convencional es fundamental para el diseño de programas de deshabituación tabáquica y programas orientados a aumentar el conocimiento de la población en las nuevas formas de consumo.Citas
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