Impacto de la sintomatología depresiva en los resultados de un programa de deshabituación tabáquica en el lugar de trabajo Impact of depressive symptoms on outcomes of a workplace smoking-cessation program

Autores/as

  • Gemma Nieva Servicio de Psiquiatría. Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron / Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona. Enviar correspondencia a: Gemma Nieva. Servicio de Psiquiatría. Hospital Universitario Vall d’Hebron. Depto. de Psiquiatria y Medicina Legal. Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona. Pg. Vall d’Hebron 119-129, 08035 Barcelona. Tel. 93 489 42 94. Fax: 93 489 45 87.
  • Eugeni Bruguera Servicio de Psiquiatría. Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron / Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona.
  • Sergi Valero Servicio de Psiquiatría. Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron / Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona.
  • Miquel Casas Servicio de Psiquiatría. Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron / Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.20882/adicciones.198

Palabras clave:

Dependencia nicotínica, fumar, tabaco, depresión, tratamiento, medio laboral Nicotine dependence, smoking, tobacco, depression, treatment, workplace

Resumen

Introducción: Si bien existen evidencias de la relación entre fumar y depresión, poca relevancia se ha dado al impacto de la sintomatología depresiva y antecedentes de depresión en los resultados de programas de deshabituación tabáquica desarrollados en los lugares de trabajo. El objetivo del estudio es analizar la influencia de la sintomatología depresiva y antecedentes de trastorno depresivo mayor (TDM) sobre la abstinencia en el contexto de una intervención laboral y cual es el rol del sexo, dependencia y toma de antidepresivos. Métodos: Estudio retrospectivo cuyos participantes fueron trabajadores del Ayuntamiento de Barcelona que se inscribieron voluntariamente. La intervención consistía en un abordaje multicomponente combinado con tratamiento farmacológico. Para evaluar la presencia de sintomatología depresiva inicial se utilizó la puntuación en el Inventario de Depresión de Beck (BDI). La presencia de antecedentes de TDM se registró en la evaluación basal. Resultados: puntuaciones mayores en BDI se relacionaron con menor porcentaje de abstinencia a los 3, 6 y 12 meses. Puntuar en BDI ≥ 13, se asoció a un aumento de la probabilidad de recaída en 1,81 veces. Dicha relación era independiente del efecto de la severidad de la dependencia, del sexo y del tratamiento con antidepresivos. Contrariamente, la presencia de antecedentes no determinó la evolución clínica. Conclusiones: Son necesarias nuevas estrategias terapéuticas específicas para reducir el impacto de la sintomatología depresiva en los programas para dejar de fumar en el lugar de trabajo.
Introduction: Although smoking and depression have been related, little importance is given to the impact of depression on outcomes of smoking cessation interventions in the workplace. The aim of this study was to assess the influence of depressive symptoms and a history of depression on abstinence after a workplace smoking cessation intervention, and to explore the roles of gender, nicotine dependence and antidepressants. Methods: A retrospective study with employees of Barcelona City Council participating on a voluntary basis. The intervention consisted of a multicomponent approach combined with pharmacological treatment. Depressive symptoms were assessed with the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and history of depression was noted in the baseline assessment. Results: Higher scores in BDI were associated with lower rates of abstinence at 3, 6 and 12 months. BDI scores ≥ 13 were related to a 1.81x higher likelihood of relapse. This relationship was independent of the effect of dependence severity, of gender and of treatment with antidepressants. In contrast, a history of depression did not influence outcomes. Conclusions: New therapeutic strategies are needed to reduce the impact of employees’ depressive symptoms in workplace smoking cessation programmes.

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Publicado

2010-06-01

Número

Vol. 22 Núm. 2 (2010)

Sección

Originales