Uso problemático de internet entre adultos: Un estudio europeo longitudinal

Autores/as

  • Olatz López Fernández Universitat Católica de Lovaina
  • Lucía Romo EA 4430 CLIPSYD Université Paris Nanterre, Paris Hôpital Universitaire Raymond Poincaré, AP-HP Garches, CESP, Garches
  • Amélie Rousseau Psychology Department, Université Toulouse Jean Jaurès, 31058 Toulouse
  • Bernadeta Lelonek-Kuleta Department of Psychology, The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Lublin
  • Joanna Chwaszcz Department of Psychology, The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Lublin
  • Niko Männikkö Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Centre for Research and Innovation, Oulu University of Applied Sciences, Oulu
  • Ann-Kathrin Gässler Psychotherapeutical Office Pilgramm, Hannover
  • Zsolt Demetrovics Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, 1064 Budapest, Hungary Centre of Excellence in Responsible Gaming, University of Gibraltar, Gibraltar
  • Sophia Achab Specialized Treatment Centre ReConnecte, University Hospitals, Geneva Sociological and Psychological-Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva, Geneva
  • Daria J. Kuss Cyberpsychology Research Group, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham International Gaming Research Unit, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham
  • Mark D. Griffiths Cyberpsychology Research Group, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham International Gaming Research Unit, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.20882/adicciones.1948

Palabras clave:

Adicción a internet, uso problemático de internet, investigación longitudinal, Europa, adultos.

Resumen

Existen pocos estudios transculturales que utilizan análisis longitudinales para explorar el uso problemático de internet (PIU), y apenas existen estudios en población adulta. El presente estudio de seguimiento ha comparado tres observaciones a lo largo de un período de 12 meses, una cada seis meses. Se observó el curso natural y la trayectoria del PIU en una muestra europea de adultos de 11 países (Finlandia, Alemania, Italia, España, Francia, Suiza, Hungría, Polonia, Reino Unido, Noruega, Bélgica). 139 participantes (45,5 % mujeres) con una edad promedio de 26,14 años (DE = 5,92) proporcionaron datos en las tres observaciones. Se detectaros efectos longitudinales en el PIU, con diferencias estadísticas entre usuarios en riesgo en comparación con usuarios sanos en las observaciones 1 y 2, y las correspondientes a las observaciones 1 y 3. Los análisis de varianza mostraron un efecto longitudinal de las observaciones en los síntomas del PIU. Se halló que el PIU fue significativamente afectado por los factores del tiempo y del tipo de usuario, y aquellos participantes clasificados como en posible riesgo de PIU obtuvieron puntuaciones más altas que los usuarios sanos, aunque el PIU disminuyó con el tiempo en ambos grupos. Además, el tipo de PIU detectado en adultos contenía una sintomatología adictiva leve. En conclusión, este estudio demostró que el PIU fue generalmente bajo entre la población adulta europea y, además, tendió a disminuir durante el período de un año, lo que contrasta con los resultados en población adolescente.

Biografía del autor/a

Olatz López Fernández, Universitat Católica de Lovaina

Profesora adociada UCMProfesora contratada doctora UFVProfesora CES-Cardenal CisnerosAdjunta en Hospital Universitario Fundación Jiménez Díaz

Citas

Aboujaoude, E. (2010). Problematic Internet use: An overview. World Psychiatry, 9(2), 85–90. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.2051-5545.2010.tb00278.x

Anderson, K. J. (2001). Internet use among college students: An exploratory study. Journal of American College Health, 50(1), 21–26. https://doi.org/10.1080/07448480109595707

Anderson, E. L., Steen, E. y Stavropoulos, V. (2017). Internet use and problematic internet use: A systematic review of longitudinal research trends in adolescence and emergent adulthood. International Journal of Adolescence and Youth, 22(4), 430–454. https://doi.org/10.1080/02673843.2016.1227716

Besser, B., Rumpf, H. J., Bischof, A., Meerkerk, G. J., Higuchi, S. y Bischof, G. (2017). Internet-related disorders: Development of the Short Compulsive Internet Use Scale. Cyberpsychology, Behavior and Social Networking, 20(11), 709–717. https://doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2017.0260

Carbonell, X., Chamarro, A., Oberst, U., Rodrigo, B. y Prades, M. (2018). Problematic use of the internet and smartphones in university students: 2006-2017. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 15(3), 475. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15030475

Carbonell, X., Guardiola, E., Beranuy, M. y Bellés, A. (2009). A bibliometric analysis of the scientific literature on internet, video games, and cell phone addiction. Journal of the Medical Library Association, 97(2), 102–107. https://doi.org/10.3163/1536-5050.97.2.006

Carbonell, X., Guardiola, E., Fuster, H., Gil, F. y Panova, T. (2016). Trends in scientific literature on addiction to the internet, video games, and cell phones from 2006 to 2010. International Journal of Preventive Medicine, 7, 63. https://doi.org/10.4103/2008-7802.179511

Choi, B. Y., Huh, S., Kim, D. J., Suh, S. W., Lee, S. K. y Potenza, M. N. (2019). Transitions in problematic internet use: A one-year longitudinal study of boys. Psychiatry Investigation, 16(6), 433–442. https://doi.org/10.30773/pi.2019.04.02.1

Davis, R. A. (2001). Cognitive-behavioral model of pathological Internet use. Computers in Human Behavior, 17(2), 187–195. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0747-5632(00)00041-8

Hidalgo-Fuentes, S., Martí-Vilar, M. y Ruiz-Ordoñez, Y. (2023). Problematic internet use and resilience: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Nursing Reports, 13(1), 337–350. https://doi.org/10.3390/nursrep13010032

Griffiths, M. D. (2013). Is “loss of control” always a consequence of addiction? Frontiers in Psychiatry, 4, 36. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2013.00036

Kalaitzaki, A., Laconi, S. y Tsouvelas, G. (2022). Problematic internet, smartphone, and SMS use among adults: Shared and unique predictors. Journal of Research in Health Sciences, 22(4), e00562. https://doi.org/10.34172/jrhs.2022.97

King, D. L., Delfabbro, P. H. y Griffiths, M. D. (2013). Trajectories of problem video gaming among adult regular gamers: An 18-month longitudinal study. Cyberpsychology, Behavior and Social Networking, 16(1), 72–76. https://doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2012.0062

Kokka, I., Mourikis, I., Nicolaides, N. C., Darviri, C., Chrousos, G. P., Kanaka-Gantenbein, C. y Bacopoulou, F. (2021). Exploring the effects of Problematic Internet Use on adolescent sleep: A systematic review. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(2), 760. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18020760

Lau, J. T. F., Wu, A. M. S., Gross, D. L., Cheng, K. M. y Lau, M. M. C. (2017). Is Internet addiction transitory or persistent? Incidence and prospective predictors of remission of internet addiction among Chinese secondary school students. Addictive Behaviors, 74, 55–62. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2017.05.034

Li, G., Hou, G., Yang, D., Jian, H. y Wang, W. (2019). Relationship between anxiety, depression, sex, obesity, and internet addiction in Chinese adolescents: A short-term longitudinal study. Addictive Behaviors, 90, 421–427. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2018.12.009

Lindenberg, K., Kindt, S. y Szász-Janocha, C. (2022). Effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy-based intervention in preventing gaming disorder and unspecified internet use disorder in adolescents: A cluster randomized clinical trial. JAMA Network Open, 5(2), e2148995. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.48995

Lopez-Fernandez, O. (2015). How has internet addiction research evolved since the advent of internet gaming disorder? An overview of cyberaddictions from a psychological perspective. Current Addiction Reports, 2, 263–271. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40429-015-0067-6

Lopez-Fernandez, O., Griffiths, M. D., Kuss, D. J., Dawes, C., Pontes, H. M., Justice, L., Rumpf, H. J., Bischof, A., Gässler, A. K., Suryani, E., Männikkö, N., Kääriänen, M., Romo, L., Morvan, Y., Kern, L., Graziani, P., Rousseau, A., Hormes, J. M., Schimmenti, A., Passanisi, A.,… Billieux, J. (2019). Cross-cultural validation of the Compulsive Internet Use Scale in four forms and eight languages. Cyberpsychology, Behavior and Social Networking, 22(7), 451–464. https://doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2018.0731

Lopez-Fernandez, O., Romo, L., Kern, L., Rousseau, A., Graziani, P., Rochat, L., Achab, S., Zullino, D., Landrø, N. I., Zacarés, J. J., Serra, E., Chóliz, M., Pontes, H. M., Griffiths, M. D. y Kuss, D. J. (2022). Perceptions underlying addictive technology use patterns: Insights for cognitive-behavioural therapy. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(1), 544. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19010544

Lopez-Fernandez, O., Romo, L., Kern, L., Rousseau, A., Lelonek-Kuleta, B., Chwaszcz, J., Männikkö, N., Rumpf, H. J., Bischof, A., Király, O., Gässler, A. K., Graziani, P., Kääriäinen, M., Landrø, N. I., Zacarés, J. J., Chóliz, M., Dufour, M., Rochat, L., Zullino, D., Achab, S.,… Kuss, D. J. (2023). Problematic internet use among adults: A cross-cultural study in 15 countries. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 12(3), 1027. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12031027

Lozano-Blasco, R., Robres, A. Q. y Sánchez, A. S. (2022). Internet addiction in young adults: A meta-analysis and systematic review. Computers in Human Behavior, 107201. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2022.107201

Meerkerk, G. J., Van Den Eijnden, R. J., Vermulst, A. A. y Garretsen, H. F. (2009). The Compulsive Internet Use Scale (CIUS): Some psychometric properties. CyberPsychology & Behavior, 12(1), 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1089/cpb.2008.0181

O’Connor, C., Downs, J., Shetty, H. y McNicholas, F. (2020). Diagnostic trajectories in child and adolescent mental health services: Exploring the prevalence and patterns of diagnostic adjustments in an electronic mental health case register. European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 29(8), 1111–1123. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00787-019-01428-z

Pontes, H. M., Szabo, A. y Griffiths, M. D. (2015). The impact of Internet-based specific activities on the perceptions of Internet addiction, quality of life, and excessive usage: A cross-sectional study. Addictive Behaviors Reports, 1, 19–25. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.abrep.2015.03.002

Rothmund, T., Klimmt, C. y Gollwitzer, M. (2018). Low temporal stability of excessive video game use in German adolescents. Journal of Media Psychology: Theories, Methods, and Applications, 30(2), 53–65. https://doi.org/10.1027/1864-1105/a000177

Secades-Villa, R., Calafat, A., Fernández-Hermida, J. R., Juan, M., Duch, M., Skärstrand, E., Becoña, E. y Talic, S. (2014). Duration of Internet use and adverse psychosocial effects among European adolescents. Adicciones, 26(3), 247–253. https://doi.org/10.20882/adicciones.6

Sixto-Costoya, A., Castelló-Cogollos, L., Aleixandre-Benavent, R. y Valderrama-Zurián, J. C. (2021). Global scientific production regarding behavioral addictions: An analysis of the literature from 1995 to 2019. Addictive Behaviors Reports, 14, 100371. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.abrep.2021.100371

Telles Correia, D., Stoyanov, D. y Rocha Neto, H. G. (2022). How to define today a medical disorder? Biological and psychosocial disadvantages as the paramount criteria. Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice, 28(6), 1195–1204. https://doi.org/10.1111/jep.13592

Tran, B. X., Ha, G. H., Vu, G. T., Hoang, C. L., Nguyen, S. H., Nguyen, C. T., Latkin, C. A., Tam, W. W., Ho, C. S. H. y Ho, R. C. M. (2020). How have excessive electronics devices and internet uses been concerned? Implications for global research agenda from a bibliometric analysis. Journal of Behavioral Addictions, 9(2), 469–482. https://doi.org/10.1556/2006.2020.00031

Wartberg, L. y Lindenberg, K. (2020). Predictors of spontaneous remission of problematic internet use in adolescence: A one-year follow-up study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(2), 448. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17020448

Yilmaz, R. y Karaoglan Yilmaz, F. G. (2023). Problematic internet use in adults: The role of happiness, psychological resilience, dispositional hope, and self-control and self-management. Journal of Rational-Emotive & Cognitive-Behavior Therapy, 41, 727–745. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10942-022-00482-y

Yu, L. y Shek, D. T. (2013). Internet addiction in Hong Kong adolescents: A three-year longitudinal study. Journal of Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology, 26(3 Suppl), S10–S17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpag.2013.03.010

Descargas

Publicado

2024-06-28

Número

Publicación en avance

Sección

Informes breves