Impacto del alcohol y la dieta en la calidad de vida en la educación superior. Un modelo de ecuaciones estructurales
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.20882/adicciones.1903Palabras clave:
Calidad de vida, estudiantes universitarios, alcohol, dieta mediterránea, lesiones.Resumen
El consumo de alcohol de la juventud durante el periodo universitario ha aumentado exponencialmente en los últimos años. Además, el cambio de estilo de vida se asocia al abandono de la dieta mediterránea, aumentando el riesgo de sufrir algún tipo de lesión y afectando a su calidad de vida. El estudio se realizó con una muestra de 1057 estudiantes universitarios españoles, el 12,1% (n = 127) de mujeres y el 87,9% (n = 930) de hombres. Se utilizó el cuestionario SF-36 para medir la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud; el test MEDAS para comprobar la adherencia a la dieta mediterránea; y el test AUDIT para medir el consumo de alcohol. Los resultados muestran una relación inversa entre la lesión y la calidad de vida (β= -0,020) y la adherencia a la dieta mediterránea (β= -0,042) entre los estudiantes que han sufrido algún tipo de lesión. Por otro lado, se observa una relación positiva con el consumo de alcohol (β= -0,046). La principal conclusión es que un menor consumo de alcohol y una mayor adherencia a la dieta mediterránea se asociaron con una mejor calidad de vida y un menor riesgo de lesiones en los estudiantes universitarios del sur de España.Citas
Aguilar-Martínez, A., Bosque-Prous, M., González-Casals, H., Colillas-Malet, E., Puigcorbe, S., Esquius, L. y Espelt, A. (2021). Social inequalities in changes in diet in adolescents during confinement due to COVID-19 in Spain: The DESK cohort project. Nutrients, 13(5), 1577. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13051577
Alonso, J., Prieto, L. y Anto, J. M. (1995). La versión española del SF-36 Health Survey (Cuestionario de Salud SF-36): Un instrumento para la medida de los resultados clínicos. Medicina Clínica, 104, 771-776.
Andrade, R. A., Rodrigues, B. A., Daniele, T. M., Vieira, L. L. y Sousa, N. J. (2020). Association between quality of life, sleepiness, fatigue, and anthropometric parameters in young University students. Motricidade, 16(4), 333-339. https://doi.org/10.6063/motricidade.18747
Atencio-Osorio, M. A., Carrillo-Arango, H. A., Correa-Rodríguez, M., Ochoa-Muñoz, A. F. y Ramírez-Vélez, R. (2020). Adherence to the mediterranean diet in college students: Evaluation of psychometric properties of the kidmed questionnaire. Nutrients, 12(12), 3897. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12123897
Aymerich, M., Cladellas, R., Castello, A., Casas, F. y Cunill, M. (2021). The evolution of life satisfaction throughout childhood and adolescence: Differences in young people’s evaluations according to age and gender. Child Indicators Research, 14(6), 2347-2369. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12187-021-09846-9
Baden, M., Kino, S., Liu, X., Li, Y., Kim, Y., Kubzansky, L., Pan, A., Okereke, O.I., Willet, W. C., Hu, F. B. y Kawachi, I. (2020). Changes in plant-based diet quality and health-related quality of life in women. British Journal of Nutrition, 124(9), 960-970. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007114520002032
Bentler, P. M. (1990). Comparative fit indexes in structural models. Psychological Bulletin, 107, 238-246.
Blanco, M., Veiga, O. L., Sepúlveda, A. R., Izquierdo-Gómez, R., Román, F. J., López, S. y Rojo, M. (2020). Ambiente familiar, actividad física y sedentarismo en preadolescentes con obesidad infantil: Estudio ANOBAS de casos-controles. Atención Primaria, 52(4), 250-257. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aprim.2018.05.013
Brooks, S. J., Parks, S. M. y Stamoulis, C. (2021). Widespread positive direct and indirect effects of regular physical activity on the developing functional connectome in early adolescence. Cerebral Cortex, 31(10), 4840–4852. https://doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhab126
Buvik, K., Tokle, R., Bilgrei, O. R. y Scheffels, J. (2021). Alcohol use in adolescence: A qualitative longitudinal study of mediators for drinking and non-drinking. Drugs-Education Prevention and Policy, 29, 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1080/09687637.2021.1952931
Buckland, G. y González, C. (2015). The role of olive oil in disease prevention: A focus on the recent epidemiological evidence from cohort studies and dietary intervention trials. British Journal of Nutrition, 113(S2), S94-S101. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007114514003936
Busse, J. W., Heels-Ansdell, D., Makosso-Kallyth, S., Petrisor, B., Jeray, K., Tufescu, T., Laflamme, Y., McKay, P., McCabe, R.E., Le Manach, Y. y Bhandiari, M. (2019). Patient coping and expectations predict recovery after major orthopaedic trauma. British Journal of Anesthesia, 122(1), 51-59. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bja.2018.06.021
Chen, W. T., Wang, N. D., Lin, K. C., Liu, C. Y., Chen, W. J. y Chen, C. Y. (2018). Alcohol expectancy profile in late childhood with alcohol drinking and purchasing behaviors in adolescence. Addictive Behaviors, 87, 55-61. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2018.06.020
Chmelik, F., Fromel, K., Groffik, D., Safar, M. y Mitas, J. (2021). Does vigorous physical activity contribute to adolescent life satisfaction? International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(5), 2236. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18052236
Dalwood, P., Marshall, S., Burrows, T.L., McIntosh, A. y Collins, C.E. (2020). Diet quality indices and their associations with health-related outcomes in children and adolescents: An updated systematic review. Nutrition Journal, 19, 118. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12937-020-00632-x
Dewi, R.C., Rimawati, N. y Purbodjati, P. (2021). Body mass index, physical activity, and physical fitness of adolescence. Journal of Public Health Research, 10(2), 2230. https://doi.org/10.4081/jphr.2021.2230
Diehl, K., Brassat, A. y Hilger-Kolb, J. (2021). Comparative physical activity as a global question to assess physical activity among university students. BMC Sports Science Medicine and Rehabilitation, 13(19), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13102-021-00247-7
Fort-Vanmeerhaeghe, A., Román-Viñas, B. y Font-Lladó, R. (2017). Why is it important to develop motor competence in childhood and adolescence? The basis for a healthy lifestyle. Apunts, 52(195), 103-112. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apunts.2016.11.001
Greenwood, C. J., Youssef, G. J., Fuller-Tyszkiewicz, M., Letcher, P., Macdonald, J. A., Hutchinson, D. M. y Olsson, C. A. (2021). Psychosocial predictors of binge-drinking residual harm in adolescence and young adulthood: Findings from the Australian Temperament Project. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 226, 108864. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2021.108864
Htet, H., Saw, Y. M., Saw, T. N., Htun, N. M. M., Mon, K. L., Cho, S. M. Thike, T., Khine, A. T., Kariya, T., Yamamoto, E. y Hamajima, N. (2020). Prevalence of alcohol consumption and its risk factors among university students: A cross-sectional study across six universities in Myanmar. Plos One, 15(2), e0229329. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0229329
Hudak, K. M., Racine, E. F. y Schulkind, L. (2021). An increase in SNAP benefits did not impact food security or diet quality in youth. Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, 121(3), 507-519. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jand.2020.09.030
Jiménez-Boraita, R., Gargallo, E., Dalmau, J. M. y Arriscado, D. (2020). Gender differences relating to lifestyle habits and health-related quality of life of adolescents. Child Indicators Research, 13, 1937–1951. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12187-020-09728-6
Knox, E. y Muros, J. J. (2017). Association of lifestyle behaviours with self-esteem through health-related quality of life in Spanish adolescents. European Journal of Pediatrics, 176, 621–628. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00431-017-2886-z
Kuczynski, A. M., Kanter, J. W. y Robinaugh, D. J. (2020). Differential associations between interpersonal variables and quality-of-life in a sample of college students. Quality of Life Research, 29(1), 127-139. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11136-019-02298-3
Lechner, W. V., Laurene, K. R., Patel, S., Anderson, M., Grega, C. y Kenne, D. R. (2020). Changes in alcohol use as a function of psychological distress and social support following COVID-19 related University closings. Addictive Behaviors, 110, 106527. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2020.106527
Lemma, A., Salelew, E., Demilew, D., Tesfaye, W., Shumet, S. y Kerebih, H. (2021). Alcohol use disorder and associated factors among University of Gondar undergraduate students: A cross-sectional study. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment, 129, 108373. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsat.2021.108373
Losada-Puente, L., Araujo, A. M. y Muñoz-Cantero, J. M. (2020). A systematic review of the assessment of quality of life in adolescents. Social Indicators Research, 147(3), 1039-1057. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-019-02171-3
Maric, D., Bianco, A., Kvesic, I., Sekulic, D. y Zenic, N. (2021). Analysis of the relationship between tobacco smoking and physical activity in adolescence: A gender specific study. Medicina, 57, 214. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina57030214
Martini, D. (2019). Health benefits of mediterranean diet. Nutrients, 11(8), 1802. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11081802
McDonald, R. P. y Marsh, H. W. (1990). Choosing a multivariate model: Non centrality and goodness of fit. Psychological Bulletin, 107, 247-255.
Mielgo-Ayuso, J., Aparicio-Ugarriza, R., Castillo, A., Ruiz, E., Ávila, J. M., Aranceta-Bartrina, J., Gil, A., Ortega, R. M., Serra-Majem, L., Varela-Moreiras, G. y González-Gross, M. (2017). Sedentary behavior among Spanish children and adolescents: Findings from the ANIBES study. BMC Public Health, 17(94), 1-9. http://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-017-4026-0
Moral-García, J. E., Agraso-López, A. D., Ramos-Morcillo, A. J., Jiménez, A. y Jiménez-Eguizábal, A. (2020). The influence of physical activity, diet, weight status and substance abuse on students’ self-perceived health. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17, 1387. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17041387
Noh-Moo, P., Ahumada-Cortez, J. G., Gámez-Medina, M. E., López-Cisneros, M. A. y Castillo-Arcos, L. d. C. (2021). Autoestima, autoeficacia y consumo de alcohol en adolescentes de preparatoria. Health and Addictions, 21(1), 216-229. https://doi.org/10.21134/haaj.v21i1.565
Paulus, D. J., Gallagher, M. W., Zvolensky, M. J. y Leventhal, A. M. (2021). Reciprocal longitudinal associations between anxiety sensitivity and alcohol consumption/problems across adolescence: Examining anxiety as a mediator and race/ethnicity as a moderator. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 142, 103861. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2021.103861
Real, H, Queiroz, J. y Graca, P. (2020). Mediterranean food pattern vs. Mediterranean diet: A necessary approach? International Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition, 71(1), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1080/09637486.2019.1617838
Rial, A., Golpe, S., Barreiro, C., Gómez, P. e Isorna, M. (2020). La edad de inicio en el consumo de alcohol en adolescentes: Implicaciones y variables asociadas. Adicciones, 32(1), 52-62. https://doi.org/10.20882/adicciones.1266
Rodrigues, P. R. M., Luiz, R. R., Monteiro, L. S., Ferreira, M. G., Goncalves-Silva, R. M. V. y Pereira, R. A. (2017). Adolescents’ unhealthy eating habits are associated with meal skipping. Nutrition, 42, 114-120. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nut.2017.03.011
Romagnolo, D. F. y Selmin, O. I. (2017). Mediterranean diet and prevention of chronic diseases. Nutrition Today, 52(5), 208–222. https://doi.org/10.1097/NT.0000000000000228
Rubio, G. (1998). Validación de la prueba para la identificación de trastornos por el uso de alcohol (AUDIT) en Atención Primaria. Revista Clínica Especializada, 198, 11-14.
Saunders, J., Aasland, O., Babor, T., De la Fuente, J. y Grant, M. (1993). Development of the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT): Who collaborative project on early detection of persons with harmful alcohol consumption– II. Addiction, 88, 791-804.
Schnettler, B., Miranda, H., Lobos, G., Orellana, L., Sepúlveda, J., Denegri, M., Etchebarne, S., Mora, M. y Grunert, K. G. (2015). Eating habits and subjective well-being. A typology of students in Chilean state universities. Appetite, 89, 203-214. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2015.02.008
Schröder, H., Fitó, M., Estruch, R., Martínez-González, M.A., Corella, D., Salas-Salvadó, J., Lamuela-Reventós, R., Ros, E., Salaverría, I., Fiol, M., Lapetra, J., Vinyoles, E., Gómez-Gracia, E., Lahoz, C., Serra-Majem, L., Pintó, X., Ruiz-Gutiérrez, V. y Covas, M. I. (2011). A short screener is valid for assessing mediterranean diet adherence among older Spanish men and women. The Journal of Nutrition, 414(6), 1140-1145. https://doi.org/10.3945/jn.110.135566
Sera-Majem, L., Tomaino, L., Dernini, S., Berry, E. M., Lairon, D., de la Cruz, J. N., Bach-Faig, A., Donini, L. M., Medina, F. X., Belahsen, R., Piscopo, S., Capone, R., Aranceta-Bartrina, J., La Vecchia, C. y Trichopoulou, A (2020). Updating the mediterranean diet pyramid towards sustainability: Focus on environmental concerns. International journal of environmental research and public health, 17(23), 8758. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17238758
Tenenbaum, G. y Eklund, R. C. (2007). Handbook of sport psychology. John Wiley & Sons.
Tonapa, S., Liu, Y., Mulyadi, M. y Lee, B.O. (2021). Changes in self-regulation and the predictors of quality of life 3 months after extremity injury: A prospective study. Clinical Nursing Research, 10547738211058980. https://doi.org/10.1177/10547738211058980
Villafaina, S., Tapia-Serrano, M. A., Vaquero-Solís, M., León-Llamas, J. L. y Sánchez-Miguel, P. A. (2021). The role of physical activity in the relationship between satisfaction with life and health-related quality of life in school-age adolescents. Behavioral Sciences, 11(9), 121. https://doi.org/10.3390/bs11090121
Ware, J. E. Jr. y Sherbourne, C. D. (1992). The MOS 36-item short-form health survey (SF-36) (I). Conceptual framework and item selection. Medical Care, 30, 473–483.
Winpenny, E. M., van Sluijs, E. M. F., White, M., Klepp, K. I., Wold, B. y Lien, N. (2018). Changes in diet through adolescence and early adulthood: Longitudinal trajectories and association with key life transitions. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 15, 86. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12966-018-0719-8
