Diferencias de género epidemiológicas y diagnósticas según eje I en pacientes con Patología Dual

Laia Miquel, Carlos Roncero, Cristina López-Ortiz, Miguel Casas

Resumen


Introducción: La patología dual (PD) es la coexistencia de un trastorno por uso de sustancias (TUS) y otro trastorno mental. Se ha descrito que el género es un factor que influye en la prevalencia de las enfermedades psiquiátricas, su expresión sintomática, curso, pronóstico, demanda y respuesta al tratamiento. Material y métodos: Se revisan 40 estudios publicados en Medline, Web of Science, y Journal Citation Reports hasta diciembre de 2009 que contienen información a cerca de las diferencias de género en la prevalencia y las características clínicas de pacientes duales mayores de 18 años. Conclusiones: La distribución de los trastornos mentales del Eje I en pacientes duales, según el género, se mantiene similar a la de los trastornos mentales no duales en la población general. Existe mayor prevalencia en hombres de trastornos psicóticos y bipolares, y en mujeres mayor prevalencia de trastornos de ansiedad y afectivos. El género femenino deja de ser factor de buen pronóstico en la psicosis dual. Por otra parte, el policonsumo es más frecuente en los varones.


Palabras clave


género; patología dual; mujer; adicción; trastorno por uso de sustancias

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Referencias


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.20882/adicciones.160

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