«No soy una adicta»: Un análisis temático de las experiencias de adicción entre mujeres chinas consumidoras de metanfetaminas

Liu Liu, Wing Hong Chui

Resumen


El consumo de metanfetaminas (meta) se ha convertido en una epidemia grave de salud en China, y el número de consumidoras de meta ha aumentado de manera importante en la última década. Sin embargo, rara vez se había estudiado los patrones de adicción a la meta entre mujeres chinas hasta hace poco. Para llenar el vacío, este estudio realizó un análisis temático para investigar las experiencias de adicción de mujeres chinas consumidoras de meta, en base a las transcripciones de 49 entrevistas semi-estructuradas. Estos hallazgos revelan que las chinas consumidoras de meta piensan, en general, que la meta no es físicamente adictiva– a pesar de que pueda provocarles dependencia psicológica. El consumo de meta les genera un disfrute psicológico, además de cumplir otras funciones. Por ejemplo, algunas personas la necesitan para aliviar el estrés, mantenerse en forma, disminuir el dolor, curar enfermedades y afrontar el alcoholismo. Los hallazgos también muestran que el consumo de meta es indispensable en algunas clases sociales específicas, según el nivel socioeconómico de las consumidoras, en particular entre aquellas de niveles socioeconómicos bajos. Mediante la comprensión de sus experiencias en torno a la adicción a la meta, se recomiendan programas educativos formales como la exposición a redes sociales para aportar a las mujeres consumidoras de meta –en particular las de clases sociales de alto riesgo– conocimientos actualizados y adecuados sobre la sustancia. Los tratamientos también requieren programas educativos. Es más, se recomiendan intervenciones dirigidas y programas de apoyo social para ayudar a las consumidoras de meta a evitar problemas graves de salud debido a su consumo.


Palabras clave


Metanfetaminas; Experiencias de adicción; Consumi-doras chinas de sustancias; Análisis temático

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Referencias


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.20882/adicciones.1453

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