Adicción al trabajo en Brasil: medición y diferencias individuales
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.20882/adicciones.37Palabras clave:
Adicción al trabajo, Work Addiction Risk Scale (WART), Dutch Work Addiction Scale (DUWAS), Salud, Género.Resumen
Esta investigación tiene por objetivo medir y evaluar las diferencias individuales en una muestra brasileña en relación a la adicción al trabajo, dada su repercusión en la competitividad de las empresas. Se aplicó el WART 15-PBV a una muestra de 153 directivos de empresas ubicadas en Brasil, 82 mujeres (53,6%) y 71 hombres (46.4%), con un rango de edad entre los 20 y los 69 años y un valor medio de 41 (SD = 9,06). Se analiza la estructura factorial del cuestionario, su consistencia interna y convergente (a partir de la Dutch Work Addiction Scale - DUWAS), la validez de criterio (con el Cuestionario General de Salud - GHQ) y las diferencias individuales de género. El cuestionario WART15-PBV presenta buenas propiedades psicométricas y de validez convergente y de criterio. Las mujeres y los hombres difieren en la dimensión Deterioro de la comunicación / auto-absorción. Esta dimensión únicamente tiene un efecto directo en la percepción de salud de los hombres, mientras que la dimensión Tendencias compulsivas tiene un efecto directo en ambos géneros. Los resultados sugieren la escala WART15-PBV es una medida válida y fiable de la adicción al trabajo que orienta la intervención atendiendo a las diferencias individuales de los trabajadores, en aras de mejorar su salud y su vida profesional y personal y fomentando, a su vez, unas condiciones adecuadas en el lugar de trabajo.Citas
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