Tasas de recaída tras un tratamiento en Comunidades Terapéuticas: Una revisión sistemática
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.20882/adicciones.1898Palabras clave:
Comunidades terapéuticas, tasas de recaída, tratamiento por consumo de sustancias, trastornos relacionados con sustancias, programas en comunidades terapéuticas.Resumen
Las Comunidades Terapéuticas (CT) son entornos residenciales que brindan rehabilitación psicosocial a las personas que consumen sustancias. En general, estas han demostrado su eficacia, aunque gran parte de la evidencia proviene de estudios con limitaciones metodológicas. Por tanto, el objetivo de la presente revisión sistemática fue evaluar los resultados de las CT en relación con las tasas de recaída. La búsqueda se realizó en EBSCO, PubMed y Web of Science con fecha límite del 29 de julio de 2021 y se basó en la declaración Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). De los 94 estudios encontrados, ocho cumplieron los criterios de selección, con un total de 2064 participantes de 40 CT. De los ocho estudios, siete eran estudios de cohortes y uno era un ensayo controlado aleatorizado. Los resultados revelan que las CT eran efectivas para reducir el consumo de sustancias, aunque persiste cierta incertidumbre con respecto a la persistencia a largo plazo. Se necesita más investigación que evalúe las tasas de recaída tras finalizar el tratamiento en las CT.Citas
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