Alcohol, drogas, sexo y violencia: riesgos y consecuencias para la salud entre los jóvenes turistas británicos en las Islas Baleares

Karen Hughes, Mark A. Bellis, Gayle Whelan, Amador Calafat, Montse Juan, Nicole Blay

Resumen


Antecedentes: Consumo de sustancias, conducta sexual de riesgo y violencia son los principales problemas de salud que sufren los jóvenes en la actualidad. Todo ello supone una gran labor preventiva en el Reino Unido, pero escasea la información sobre la prevención en los centros turísticos internacionales. Métodos: Realizamos un estudio transversal entre 1033 turistas británicos, de edades entre los 16 y los 35 años en los aeropuertos de Ibiza y Mallorca (España). El estudio analizó la frecuencia de consumo de alcohol, drogas, borracheras, actividad sexual y experiencias negativas en Inglaterra y en el extranjero durante las vacaciones. Resultados: El consumo de drogas ilegales fue más frecuente en Ibiza. Más de la mitad (53,9%) admitieron haber consumido al menos una droga ilegal en vacaciones (frente al 13,9% en Mallorca) y un tercio consumieron más de una. Sin embargo, los turistas de Mallorca se embriagaron con más frecuencia y con peores consecuencias (discusiones, peleas, daños involuntarios, enfermedades y necesidad de recibir asistencia médica). En ambos lugares la frecuencia del consumo de sustancias aumentó en vacaciones. La cuarta parte de los que viajaron sin pareja mantuvieron relaciones sexuales en vacaciones, y de ellos un tercio no utilizó siempre condones. La embriaguez frecuente se asoció a peleas, daños involuntarios y relaciones sexuales con una nueva pareja. El consumo de drogas ilegales, particularmente el policonsumo de drogas, se asoció a peleas y sexo sin protección. Conclusiones: Los turistas jóvenes afrontan considerables riesgos de salud en vacaciones. Identificar los centros turísticos asociados con las diferentes conductas de riesgo es fundamental para realizar campañas de protección de la salud y ejecutar medidas de reducción del daño.


Palabras clave


alcohol; drogas recreativas; violencia; conducta de riesgo; viajes; vida nocturnaZara Anderson, Dan Hungerford, Encarna Román, Margarida Ros, Joan Escandell, Daniela Volkel y Sylvia Nitschke su labor de recogida de datos; a Henry Edwards su ayuda en el pr

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.20882/adicciones.219

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