Hábitos no saludables y práctica de actividad física en estudiantes universitarios españoles: papel del género, perfil académico y convivencia

Antonio J. Molina, Verónica Varela, Tania Fernández, Vicente Martín, Carlos Ayán, José M. Cancela

Resumen


El objetivo del estudio es identificar los factores personales asociados con el consume de drogas y la práctica de actividad física en una población de estudiantes universitarios del noroeste de España. Se realizó un estudio cross-sectional entre Enero y Abril de 2010 usando un cuestionario auto- contestado que incluía género, edad, titulación y curso de estudios, con- vivencia y trabajo, y también preguntas sobre su consumo actual de tabaco, consumo de alcohol y episodios de consumo elevado de alcohol, uso de drogas ilegales y frecuencia de actividad física. Se calcularon las prevalencias y se realizó un análisis bivariante y multivariante por regresión logística para distintos modelos para los hábitos ajustando por las varia- bles sociodemográficas. La mayoría de los estudiantes consume alcohol (78,3%), un 31,7% consume tabaco y un 34% ha consumido drogas ilegales en algún momento. La prevalencia de realización de actividad física suficiente fue del 22,7%, siendo claramente menor en mujeres y en titulaciones no vinculadas al deporte. Menos mujeres consumen drogas ilegales y alcohol, pero el consumo episódico elevado de alcohol es mayor en mujeres. Vivir con amigos es un factor de riesgo para el consumo de drogas legales e ilegales respecto a vivir con los padres. Las titulaciones sobre deporte, salud y educación mostraron menores prevalencias de con- sumo de drogas que las otras. Puesto que el consumo de drogas y la ina- decuada actividad física varían según género, situación de convivencia y titulación, sería apropiado tener estas diferencias en cuenta para diseñar intervenciones más eficientes de promoción de la salud.

Palabras clave


Estudiantes universitarios; actividad física; hábitos no saludables; género; situación de convivencia

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.20882/adicciones.82

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